In-Soil Pressure and Stress Measurements
Normal Soil Pressure (Stress)
Normal pressures have been measured either using in-soil Null Gages or Hybrid Soil Pressure Transducers
Measurements and applications can be either monotonic, in which cases in-soil Null Gages are very efficient (see publication of technology) or (check out a field application) or pseudo-dynamic in which cases a Hybrid Soil Pressure Transducer produces very dramatic results (see publication on its appliation to soil compaction).
Shear stress
Shear stresses are measured with a newly tested in-soil shear stress sensor.
Measurements and applications with these new devices can be either monotonic or pseudo-dynamic.